Document Type
Article
English Abstract
States under international law have obligations towards all, including persons with disabilities who are recognized as right holders. Moreover, states, especially in the areas of education and employment, are duty-bound to ensure quality education and productive employment for the realization of their human rights. Indeed, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) impose additional obligations on states in achieving full productive employment and quality education for all, including those with disabilities. Therefore, this paper assesses the SDGs related to education and employment for persons with disabilities by considering whether the SDGs fully integrate the human rights standards as well as the disability human rights model. Applying the Adaptability, Acceptability, Availability, and Accessibility (4As) and the disability human rights frameworks, this paper contends that while the SDGs add weight to human rights and require states in education and employment to move towards achieving full employment and inclusive quality education for persons with disabilities, it fails to fully integrate the human rights model of disability and human rights standards.
Citation Information
Akinyelu, Sonia Iyayi.
"Sustainable Development Goals and Persons with Disabilities in Education and Employment."
The Transnational Human Rights Review
10. (2023)
:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.60082/2563-4631.1105
https://digitalcommons.osgoode.yorku.ca/thr/vol10/iss1/3
References
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36 Ibid.
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52 MacNaughton, supra note 4 at 537.
53 Ibid.
54 MacNaughton, supra note 4 at 537.
55 Ibid.
56 Frey & MacNaughton, "A Human Rights Lens on Employment and Work in the Sustainable Development Agenda", supra note 32 at 1.
57 MacNaughton & Frey, "Decent Work, Human Rights and the Sustainable Development Goals 2016", supra note 4 at 607. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2613999
58 Sustainable Development Goals Fund, supra note 12.
59 Ibid.
60 Ibid.
61 Ibid.
62 Ibid.
63 MacNaughton & Frey, "Decent Work, Human Rights and the Sustainable Development Goals 2016", supra note 4 at 641. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2613999
64 Ibid.
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68 MacNaughton & Frey, "Decent Work, Human Rights and the Sustainable Development Goals 2016", supra note 4 at 652. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2613999
69 Rai, Brown & Ruwanpura, supra note 66 at 368.
70 Ibid.
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72 General Comment No. 4 (2016) Article 24: Right to Inclusive Education, CRPD, UN Doc CRPD/C/GC/4 (2016).
73 General Comment No. 13: The Right to Education (Art. 13), CESCR, UN Doc E/C.12/1999/10 (1999)
74 United Nations, "2030 Sustainable Development Agenda", supra note 2.
75 Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958, No. 111; Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Recommendation, 1958, No. 111; Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951, No. 100; Equal Remuneration Recommendation, 1951, No. 90; Workers with Family Responsibilities Convention, 1981, No. 156; Workers with Family Responsibilities Recommendation, 1981, No. 165; Violence and Harassment Convention, 2019, No. 190; Violence and Harassment Recommendation, 2019, No. 206; Convention Concerning Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) Convention, 1579 UNTC 478 (1983); International Labour Organization, "ILO Constitution", online: ilo.org/dyn/normlex/en/f?p=1000:62:0::NO:62:P62_LIST_ENTRIE_ID:2453907:NO ; ILO Declaration of Philadelphia, 10 May 1944; ILO Declaration of Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, 1998; ILO Decent Work Agenda, 1999 and its follow up; ILO Declaration on Social Justice for a Fair Globalisation, 2008.
76 United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act, SC 2021, c 14 art 21 [UNDRIP]; International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination (ICERD), 660 UNTC 195 (1965); Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989, No. 169; International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (ICPMW), 2220 UNTC 3 (1990); Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), 1249 UNTC 13 (1979); Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), 2515 UNTC 3 (2006); Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities, 1993 [Standard Rules]; United Nations, "Universal Declaration of Human Rights", online: un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights ["UDHR"]; International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), UNGA, 1966, GA Res 2200A (XXI); Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC), opened for signature 20 November 1989, 1577 UNTC 3 (entered into force 2 September 1990).
77 United Nations, "2030 Sustainable Development Agenda", supra note 2.
78 MacNaughton & Frey, "Decent Work, Human Rights and the Sustainable Development Goals 2016", supra note 4 at 653. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2613999
79 Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) Convention, 1401 UNTC 236 (1983); Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) Recommendation, 1983, No. 168; ILO Code of Practice: Managing Disability at the Workplace, 2002.
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88 Art 2(1) of the Forced Labour Convention 1930 defined forced or compulsory labour as "all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of any penalty and for which the said person has not offered himself voluntarily".
89 Forced Labour Convention, 1930, No. 29; Protocol of 2014 to the Forced Labour Convention, 1930; Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957, No. 105; Forced Labour (Indirect Compulsion) Recommendation, 1930, No. 35; Labour (Supplementary Measures) Recommendation, 2014, No. 203; ILO, "ILO Constitution", supra note 85.
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99 ICESCR, supra note 76; ICCPR, supra note 80; CRPD, supra note 76.
100 United Nations, "2030 Sustainable Development Agenda", supra note 2.
101 Ibid.
102 MacNaughton & Frey, "Decent Work, Human Rights and the Sustainable Development Goals 2016", supra note 4 at 655. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2613999
103 ILO Convention No. 159, supra note 82; ILO Recommendation No.168, supra note 82; ILO Code of Practice in Managing Disability at the Workplace, 2002.
104 ICESCR, supra note 76; CRPD, supra note 76; Standard Rules, supra note 76; General Comment No.5: Persons with Disabilities, CESCR, 11th Sess, UN Doc E/1995/22 (1994) at para 24.
105 Katarina Tomasevski, supra note 6.
106 Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, supra note 76 at art 26.
107 Convention against Discrimination in Education, UNESCO, 11th Sess (1960) at arts 1(1), 3 [UNESCO, Convention against Discrimination in Education]; The Dakar Framework for Action-Education for All: Meeting Our Collective Commitments
108 CEDAW, supra note 76 at art 10; Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination Article 5(v); International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Article 24(2)(a); Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, supra note 76 at art 30; Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees Article 22; Declaration on the Rights of Persons belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities Article 4(1); UNDRIP, supra note 76 at arts 14(2), 21; Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, supra note 76.
109 United Nations, UDHR, supra note 80 at art 26(1); ICESCR, supra note 76 at arts 13(2)(a), 14; CRC, supra note 76 at art 28(1)(a); CRPD, supra note 76 at art 24(2)(b).
110 Worst Forms of Child Labour, 1999, No. 182 at art 7(2)(c).
111 UNESCO, Convention against Discrimination in Education, supra note 107 at art 4(a); The Dakar Framework for Action-Education for All: Meeting Our Collective Commitments, 2000.
112 United Nations, "2030 Sustainable Development Agenda", supra note 2.
113 Allyson Krupar & Anjela Taneja, "The Right to Education and SDG 4: Lessons from the Field and Next Steps for Civil Society Monitoring" in Antonia Wulff, ed, Grading Goal Four: Tensions, Threats, and Opportunities in the Sustainable Development Goal on Quality Education (Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers, 2020). https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004430365_017
114 United Nations, UDHR, supra note 80 at art 26(1); ICESCR, supra note 76 at arts 13(2)(b)-(d); CRC, supra note 76 article 28(1)(b)-(d); The Dakar Framework for Action-Education for All: Meeting Our Collective Commitments; International Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 2000 at art 24(5); International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, supra note 76 at art 43(1); UNESCO Convention on Technical and Vocational Education, 1989.
115 Katarina Tomasevski, supra note 6.
116 United Nations, UDHR, supra note 75; Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, UNGA, 61st Sess, UN Doc A/RES/61/106 at art 24(4); ICESCR, supra note 76 at art 13(2)(e).
117 UNESCO, Convention against Discrimination in Education, supra note 107.
118 CRPD, supra note 76 at art 24.
119 Stephanie Bengtsson et al, "Teachers Are More Than 'Supply': Toward Meaningful Measurement of Pedagogy and Teachers in SDG 4" in Antonia Wulff, ed, Grading Goal Four: Tensions, Threats, and Opportunities in the Sustainable Development Goal on Quality Education (Netherlands: Brill Academic Publishers, 2020). https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004430365_010
120 CRPD, supra note 76 at art 24(2)(c); General comment No. 4: Right to Inclusive Education, supra note 72
121 Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, supra note 76 at arts 28-30.
122 UNESCO, Convention against Discrimination in Education, supra note 7 at art 5(c); The Dakar Framework for Action-Education for All, 2000: Meeting Our Collective Commitments.
123 CRC, supra note 76 at art 29(1)(c); CRPD, supra note 76 at arts 24(3), 30(4); UNDRIP, supra note 76 at arts 14(1), 14(3); Declaration on the Rights of Persons belonging to National or Ethnic, Religious and Linguistic Minorities Article 4(2) and (4).
124 United Nations, "2030 Sustainable Development Agenda" supra note 2.
125 CRPD, supra note 76 at arts 24(2)(c)-(d); CRC, supra note 76; ICESCR, supra note 76.
126 Katarina Tomasevski, supra note 6.
127 United Nations, "UDHR", supra note 76 at Preamble; International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, ICESCR, supra note 76; CRC, supra note 76 at art 28(2); United Nations Charter, supra note 13 at Preamble; General Comment 8: The Right of the Child to Protection from Corporal Punishment and Other Cruel or Degrading Forms of Punishment (Arts. 19; 28, Para. 2; and 37, inter alia), CRC, 42nd Sess, UN Doc CRC/C/GC/8 (2007).
128 CRPD, supra note 76; CRC, supra note 76; World Declaration on Education for All, 1990; Standard Rules, supra note 76; the Salamanca Statement and Framework for Action, Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities; General comment No. 4: Right to Inclusive Education, supra note 72.
129 Katarina Tomasevski, supra note 6.
130 Ibid.
131 General Comment No.4: The Right to Inclusive Education, supra note 8.
132 ICESCR, supra note 76 at art 13(2)(e); CRPD, Geneva Convention III relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War, Article 38.
133 United Nations, "2030 Sustainable Development Agenda", supra note 2
